Heart failure: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis
DEFINITION
A complex clinical syndrome that results from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood, which in turn leads to the cardinal clinical symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue and signs of HF (edema and rales)
ETIOLOGY 病因學
Etiology of HF in patients with a preserved EF differs from that of patients with depressed EF, there is considerable overlap.
收縮功能正常/異常的心臟衰竭患者病因不太一樣，但重疊的原因滿多的(右圖)
In industrialized countries, CAD has become the predominant cause in men and women and is responsible for 60–75% of cases of HF.
在已開發國家，冠心症是造成心衰竭的大宗原因，占百分之六十到七十；而高血壓也不惶多讓，占百分之七十五（兩者常常有重疊）；當然，糖尿病也貢獻了很大一部分（畢竟血糖不好血管也不會好）。